Teenagers and TMJ: What Parents Should Know

by Sleep Better Columbus | Jun 16, 2025 | TMJ/TMD

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders can affect individuals of any age, including teenagers. These disorders involve jaw joint dysfunction and surrounding muscles, leading to jaw pain, difficulty chewing, and headaches. For parents, understanding the causes, signs, and available treatment options is key to helping their teenagers manage this condition effectively.

In most cases, TMJ disorders in teens can be managed with non-surgical relief for jaw pain, including lifestyle adjustments and professional interventions that do not involve invasive procedures. Early diagnosis and conservative care can significantly reduce discomfort and prevent long-term complications.

Understanding TMJ Disorders in Teenagers

What Is TMJ?

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the hinge that connects the lower jaw (mandible) to the skull. It enables basic functions such as chewing, speaking, and opening the mouth. A TMJ disorder occurs when this joint becomes misaligned, inflamed, or overused, leading to pain or limited movement.

TMJ disorders can affect individuals of all ages, including teenagers. These conditions are sometimes referred to as TMD (temporomandibular disorders), though the terms TMJ and TMD are often used interchangeably.

Why Teenagers Are Not Immune to TMJ Issues

Teenagers can develop TMJ disorders due to several physical and behavioral factors. Orthodontic treatments such as braces and retainers may alter bite alignment and place strain on the jaw joint. Sports injuries, particularly in contact sports, can cause direct trauma to the jaw.

Additionally, stress is a common contributor to TMJ issues in teenagers. Many adolescents cope with academic pressure, social anxiety, or lack of sleep—factors that can lead to teeth grinding (bruxism) or jaw clenching during the day or night. These habits can strain the joint and surrounding muscles, contributing to TMJ pain.

Growth spurts and changes in facial structure during adolescence can also affect jaw alignment, making teenagers more vulnerable to joint dysfunction. Parents should be aware that even seemingly mild symptoms can signal an underlying TMJ disorder that may require evaluation by a qualified professional.

Common Symptoms of TMJ in Teenagers

TMJ symptoms in teenagers can vary in severity and may develop gradually over time. In some cases, the signs are mistaken for unrelated conditions, such as sinus problems or general headaches. Parents should be aware of both physical symptoms and behavioral changes that may suggest a temporomandibular joint disorder.

Physical Symptoms to Watch For

Common physical symptoms of TMJ in teenagers include:

• Pain or tenderness in the jaw, especially near the joint
• Clicking, popping, or grinding sounds when opening or closing the mouth
• Difficulty or discomfort while chewing
• Limited ability to open the mouth fully
• Ear pain or a feeling of pressure in the ears (without infection)
• Headaches that originate near the temples or jaw

These symptoms may be constant or may come and go, often worsening during periods of stress or after physical activity involving the jaw.

Behavioral Indicators in Teens

Teenagers may not always communicate discomfort directly. Instead, parents may notice changes in behavior that reflect underlying TMJ issues:

• Avoiding foods that require extensive chewing (e.g., apples, sandwiches, gum)
• Complaining of frequent headaches or facial pain
• Holding or massaging the jaw area
• Sleep disturbances or waking up with jaw soreness
• Grinding teeth during sleep (bruxism), often noticed by others

These signs, when persistent, may point to a TMJ disorder and should not be ignored.

How TMJ Symptoms in Teenagers May Mimic Other Conditions

Because TMJ symptoms often overlap with other conditions, such as sinus infections, dental problems, or ear disorders, they are sometimes misdiagnosed. For example, earaches may lead parents to suspect an ear infection, when in fact, the pain originates from the jaw joint.

It’s important to consider TMJ as a potential cause when symptoms persist despite treatment for other conditions. A dental or TMJ specialist can conduct a thorough evaluation to determine the true cause of the discomfort.

Causes of TMJ Disorders in Teenagers

There is no single cause of TMJ disorders in teenagers. Instead, the condition can result from a combination of physical, behavioral, and developmental factors. Identifying the source of the issue is essential for selecting the most effective treatment approach.

Orthodontic Treatment and Jaw Alignment

Orthodontic procedures, such as braces, expanders, and retainers, are common during the teenage years. While these treatments are necessary for proper alignment of the teeth and bite, they may temporarily alter jaw position or increase tension on the temporomandibular joint.

In most cases, orthodontic adjustments do not cause long-term problems. However, in some teenagers, they may contribute to jaw discomfort, particularly if the bite becomes misaligned or if the jaw muscles compensate for changes in alignment.

Sports Injuries and Trauma

Teenagers involved in contact sports such as football, basketball, or martial arts are at higher risk for facial injuries. A blow to the jaw or chin can displace or inflame the TMJ, leading to long-term symptoms if not treated properly.

Even minor trauma, such as clenching the jaw during physical activity or falling face-first during recreational play, can contribute to joint strain or misalignment.

Emotional Stress and Teeth Grinding

Adolescents often experience stress from academic demands, peer relationships, or extracurricular activities. Emotional stress is a known contributor to teeth grinding and jaw clenching, both during the day and while sleeping.

Chronic grinding (bruxism) can wear down the teeth, strain the jaw muscles, and lead to inflammation of the TMJ. Over time, this behavior can result in persistent jaw pain and tension headaches.

Poor Posture and Screen Time

Modern teenagers spend significant time on smartphones, tablets, and computers. Poor posture—particularly forward head posture or slouching—places strain on the neck and jaw muscles, which can lead to TMJ symptoms.

Sustained screen time without breaks may also lead to jaw clenching and increased muscle tension. Encouraging proper ergonomics and limiting prolonged device use may help reduce TMJ-related strain.

Diagnosing TMJ in Teenagers: What Parents Can Expect

Timely and accurate diagnosis of TMJ disorders in teenagers is important to prevent long-term discomfort and to guide effective treatment. Parents should not ignore recurring symptoms, especially when they interfere with daily activities or sleep.

When to Seek a TMJ Evaluation

Parents should consider scheduling an evaluation if their teenager:

• Experiences ongoing jaw pain or tightness
• Reports clicking or popping when opening or closing the mouth
• Has frequent headaches or earaches without other medical causes
• Complains of difficulty chewing or pain when eating
• Grinds teeth or clenches the jaw during sleep

Persistent symptoms lasting more than a few weeks or worsening over time should be assessed by a professional with experience in TMJ disorders.

What Happens During a TMJ Consultation

A TMJ evaluation is non-invasive and typically includes a physical examination, a review of symptoms, and a discussion of the teen’s health history. The provider may:

• Palpate the jaw joint and surrounding muscles to check for tenderness
• Observe jaw movement and range of motion
• Listen for joint sounds during opening and closing
• Check for signs of wear on the teeth that may indicate grinding

In some cases, imaging such as X-rays, panoramic radiographs, or MRI may be used to assess joint structure and rule out other conditions.

Importance of Ruling Out Other Causes

Because TMJ symptoms can overlap with those of dental, ear, or sinus issues, a comprehensive evaluation is necessary to confirm a TMJ disorder. An accurate diagnosis ensures that the teenager receives appropriate care and avoids unnecessary or ineffective treatment.

Professionals who specialize in TMJ disorders, such as those at Sleep Better Columbus, are equipped to distinguish between TMJ and other causes of facial or jaw pain.

TMJ Treatment Options for Teenagers

Treatment for TMJ in teenagers depends on the severity of symptoms, the underlying cause, and how the condition impacts daily function. In many cases, conservative and non-invasive therapies can provide effective relief.

At-Home and Non-Invasive Approaches

Most teenagers with mild to moderate TMJ symptoms respond well to at-home treatments and lifestyle changes. These may include:

• Jaw rest: Avoiding gum, chewy foods, and excessive talking or yawning can help reduce joint strain.
• Cold or warm compresses: Applying ice packs or moist heat to the jaw may ease inflammation and relax muscles.
• Stress management: Techniques such as deep breathing, mindfulness, and consistent sleep routines can reduce clenching and grinding related to anxiety.
• Over-the-counter pain relievers: NSAIDs like ibuprofen may help relieve mild jaw pain and swelling.

Parents should monitor symptoms closely and encourage their teen to avoid behaviors that may aggravate the joint.

Professional TMJ Therapies for Teens

When at-home methods are not sufficient, professional intervention may be necessary. Treatment options may include:

• Custom oral appliances: These are also known as nightguards or splints. They are worn during sleep to reduce grinding and reposition the jaw to ease joint pressure.
• Physical therapy: TMJ-focused therapy may include jaw exercises, posture correction, and muscle relaxation techniques.
• Behavioral therapy: In cases where stress or anxiety contributes to TMJ symptoms, therapy may help teens develop healthier coping strategies.
• Medication: In more severe cases, muscle relaxants or short-term use of anti-inflammatory medication may be prescribed under medical supervision.

When Surgical Intervention Is Considered

Surgical treatment for TMJ disorders is rarely necessary in teenagers. It is usually reserved for cases involving structural damage or persistent symptoms that do not respond to conservative care.

Parents should consult with a TMJ specialist before considering surgical options. Most cases in adolescents can be managed effectively with non-invasive treatments.

How TMJ Affects a Teenager’s Daily Life and Health

TMJ disorders can impact more than just a teenager’s jaw. When left untreated, symptoms can interfere with everyday activities, school performance, and overall well-being.

Impact on Sleep and Concentration

Many teenagers with TMJ experience difficulty sleeping due to nighttime teeth grinding or jaw pain. Poor sleep quality can lead to:

• Daytime fatigue
• Reduced concentration
• Mood swings
• Academic struggles

Over time, chronic sleep disruption may also increase stress, which can worsen TMJ symptoms in a cycle that is difficult to break without proper treatment.

Effects on Diet and Nutrition

Jaw discomfort may lead teenagers to avoid hard, chewy, or crunchy foods. As a result, they may miss out on important nutrients if they consistently choose soft or processed options. In some cases, pain during meals may even lead to reduced appetite or unintentional weight loss.

Parents should monitor dietary habits and consult a healthcare provider if they notice consistent food avoidance due to jaw pain.

Emotional and Social Consequences

Teenagers may feel self-conscious about jaw-related symptoms, such as visible clenching, difficulty speaking, or wearing a nightguard. Chronic pain can also contribute to frustration, anxiety, or withdrawal from social activities.

Supporting teens emotionally and validating their discomfort is just as important as addressing the physical symptoms of TMJ.

Consult a TMJ Specialist at Sleep Better Columbus

If your teenager is experiencing symptoms of TMJ, it’s important to seek professional guidance to prevent long-term discomfort and improve their quality of life. At Sleep Better Columbus, our experienced specialists provide personalized care for TMJ disorders in teenagers. We offer comprehensive assessments, effective treatment options, and a compassionate approach to support your teen’s health and well-being.

Contact us today to schedule an appointment and learn more about how we can help your teenager manage and alleviate TMJ symptoms.

12 Habits That Make TMJ Pain Worse

by Sleep Better Columbus | May 5, 2025 | TMJ/TMD

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain affects millions of people, leading to discomfort, difficulty with daily activities, and reduced quality of life. Understanding the habits exacerbating this pain is key to managing symptoms and finding relief. In this post, we will discuss 12 common habits that can worsen TMJ pain, offering practical advice on how to avoid them. We’ll also explore TMJ treatment options that may help reduce discomfort and improve overall jaw health.

Understanding TMJ and How It Affects Your Life

What is TMJ?

The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the hinge connecting the jawbone to the skull, allowing essential movements such as chewing and speaking. When this joint is affected by disorders, it can lead to pain, stiffness, and limited jaw mobility. TMJ disorders can be caused by a variety of factors, including stress, injury, or poor posture, and they often lead to chronic discomfort.

Common Symptoms of TMJ Disorders

TMJ disorders often have a variety of symptoms. Common signs include jaw pain or tenderness, difficulty opening the mouth, headaches, earaches, and a popping or clicking sound in the jaw. Due to the interconnectedness of the muscles involved in jaw movement, people may also experience neck or shoulder pain in some cases.

TMJ Treatment Options

Several treatment options are available for those suffering from TMJ pain. Noninvasive treatments such as physical therapy, jaw exercises, and the use of mouthguards or splints can help manage symptoms. Medical professionals may recommend medications, injections, or even surgery in more severe cases. It is important to consult a healthcare provider to determine the most appropriate treatment plan based on the severity of the disorder.

Poor Posture and TMJ Pain

How Bad Posture Affects Your Jaw

Poor posture can significantly impact the temporomandibular joint. Slouching or leaning forward while sitting or standing can place unnecessary strain on the muscles and ligaments surrounding the jaw. This misalignment can cause or worsen TMJ symptoms as the neck, shoulders, and jaw muscles become tense and fatigued. Over time, poor posture can lead to chronic pain and discomfort.

Correcting Your Posture for TMJ Relief

Proper posture is essential for reducing TMJ pain. To improve posture, individuals should ensure their head is aligned with the spine and avoid slouching. When sitting, keep the shoulders back and the feet flat on the floor, providing the spine is straight. Additionally, ergonomic adjustments to workspaces, such as using chairs that support the lower back and keeping screens at eye level, can reduce strain on the body and alleviate TMJ discomfort.

By making small changes to posture throughout the day, people can experience less pressure on the jaw and reduce the intensity of TMJ pain.

Teeth Grinding and Jaw Clenching

The Impact of Teeth Grinding on TMJ

Teeth grinding, also known as bruxism, is one of the most common habits that worsen TMJ pain. People often grind their teeth unconsciously during sleep or in response to stress. This excessive pressure on the teeth and jaw can lead to wear and tear on the teeth, as well as inflammation and pain in the temporomandibular joint. Over time, this constant pressure can result in significant TMJ damage.

How to Stop Clenching Your Jaw at Night

Jaw clenching and teeth grinding are often habits developed during sleep, making them difficult to control. One of the most effective solutions is using a custom-fitted mouthguard or splint. These devices are designed to protect the teeth from grinding and reduce the strain on the jaw. A dentist can help create a mouthguard that fits comfortably and offers the necessary support to prevent further damage to the TMJ.

Additionally, relaxation techniques such as deep breathing exercises or meditation before bed can help reduce stress, which may reduce the urge to clench or grind the teeth at night.

Using Mouthguards for Protection

Mouthguards are a simple and effective solution for individuals who grind their teeth at night. By providing a protective barrier between the upper and lower teeth, mouthguards can reduce the pressure placed on the jaw, minimizing the impact of bruxism on the temporomandibular joint. For the best results, getting a custom-fitted mouthguard from a dentist is important to ensure a comfortable and secure fit.

Addressing these habits can help individuals reduce the strain on their jaw and manage TMJ pain more effectively. The next sections will explore other habits that can exacerbate TMJ discomfort and offer strategies for improvement.

Chewing Gum Too Frequently

How Constant Chewing Can Exacerbate TMJ

While chewing gum may seem like a harmless activity, it can significantly worsen TMJ pain, especially when done frequently. The repetitive motion of chewing places continuous strain on the jaw muscles and temporomandibular joint. Over time, this can lead to muscle fatigue, increased tension, and heightened discomfort in those already suffering from TMJ disorders. Additionally, prolonged gum chewing can irritate the surrounding tissues, exacerbating inflammation and pain.

Alternatives to Chewing Gum

To avoid aggravating TMJ pain, limiting or eliminating gum chewing is best. Instead, try alternatives such as sucking on a sugar-free lozenge or enjoying soft foods that don’t require excessive jaw movement. For those who rely on gum as a stress reliever, consider incorporating relaxation techniques such as deep breathing or mindfulness to reduce tension without stressing the jaw.

Eating Hard or Tough Foods

Foods That Can Put Excess Pressure on the Jaw

Hard, tough, or chewy foods can significantly contribute to TMJ pain. Eating foods like raw vegetables, tough meats, or hard candies can force the jaw to exert excessive pressure, triggering or worsening pain and inflammation in the temporomandibular joint. Constantly biting and chewing such foods can increase the likelihood of jaw strain and discomfort, especially for those with pre-existing TMJ issues.

How to Modify Your Diet for TMJ Relief

Individuals suffering from TMJ pain should consider switching to a diet that minimizes strain on the jaw. Soft foods such as mashed potatoes, yogurt, smoothies, and soups are ideal alternatives. By avoiding foods that require excessive chewing, the jaw can rest and recover, which may help alleviate TMJ symptoms. Cutting food into smaller, bite-sized pieces is also beneficial to make eating easier and reduce unnecessary jaw movements.

Excessive Jaw Movements and Yawning

How Large Yawns Can Aggravate TMJ

Yawning is a natural, involuntary action, but wide or excessive yawning can put undue stress on the temporomandibular joint. Opening the mouth wide can stretch the jaw muscles and ligaments, leading to increased tension and pain in those with TMJ disorders. Repeated large yawns or overstretching the jaw can also worsen inflammation in the joint, intensifying TMJ discomfort.

Limiting Jaw Movement for TMJ Pain Management

It’s helpful to try yawning more gently to reduce the strain caused by yawning. If yawning becomes painful or uncomfortable, individuals can try to control the movement by placing a hand on the chin and limiting the jaw’s range of motion. Additionally, keeping the jaw relaxed and avoiding wide, exaggerated yawns can minimize the risk of aggravating TMJ symptoms.

Stress and Anxiety: The TMJ Connection

The Role of Stress in TMJ Disorders

Stress is a common trigger for TMJ pain, as it can lead to unconscious teeth grinding, jaw clenching, and muscle tension. Individuals under high stress are more likely to develop habits that contribute to TMJ disorders, such as clenching the jaw or tightening the facial muscles. Over time, this can lead to chronic pain and stiffness in the jaw, neck, and shoulders.

Relaxation Techniques to Ease TMJ Pain

Managing stress is a critical component of TMJ pain relief. Yoga, meditation, and deep breathing exercises can help reduce stress and promote relaxation. Incorporating these techniques into your routine can help prevent stress-induced jaw clenching and reduce the likelihood of TMJ flare-ups. Additionally, engaging in hobbies or activities that promote relaxation, such as reading or taking walks, can also be beneficial in managing overall stress levels.

Addressing these habits and taking steps to prevent them from aggravating TMJ pain is essential for improving quality of life. In the following sections, we will continue to discuss additional habits that can contribute to TMJ discomfort and explore practical strategies for managing pain.

Sleeping on Your Stomach or Side

Why Sleep Position Matters for TMJ

The way you sleep can directly impact the severity of TMJ pain. Sleeping on your stomach or side can place added pressure on your jaw, especially if your head is turned to one side for an extended period. This misalignment can strain the muscles and ligaments of the jaw, exacerbating pain and discomfort. Additionally, sleeping in these positions can contribute to poor posture throughout the night, which further aggravates TMJ symptoms.

Ideal Sleep Positions for TMJ Relief

For better TMJ management, sleeping on your back with your head supported by a proper pillow is recommended. This position helps keep the spine and jaw aligned, reducing strain on the temporomandibular joint. If you struggle with sleeping on your back, try using a pillow that supports the neck in a neutral position to reduce the tendency to turn your head. You may also benefit from using a contoured pillow to maintain proper alignment while sleeping.

Using Poor Pillow Support

The Importance of Proper Pillow Support for TMJ

Using the wrong pillow can contribute to TMJ pain, especially if it fails to support the neck and head properly. A pillow that is too high, too firm, or too flat can place strain on the jaw muscles and joints, exacerbating TMJ symptoms. The key to preventing this is ensuring that the pillow keeps the head and neck aligned with the spine, providing proper support to reduce unnecessary pressure on the jaw.

Choosing the Right Pillow for TMJ Pain

A pillow explicitly designed for TMJ sufferers often provides extra support for the neck and head. Look for options that maintain the natural curve of the cervical spine while allowing for comfortable head positioning. Memory foam pillows or orthopedic pillows are great options, as they provide firm yet comfortable support. Testing different pillows can help find the best choice to support a neutral sleeping position and alleviate TMJ-related pain.

Smoking and TMJ Pain

How Smoking Affects Jaw Health

Smoking can contribute to TMJ pain in a variety of ways. The chemicals in tobacco can reduce blood flow to the muscles and tissues surrounding the jaw, impairing healing and increasing the risk of inflammation. Additionally, smoking can exacerbate stress, leading to jaw clenching or teeth grinding, both of which are known to worsen TMJ pain. Smokers may also experience slower recovery from TMJ injuries or treatments due to compromised circulation.

Benefits of Quitting Smoking for TMJ Relief

Quitting smoking offers numerous benefits for TMJ sufferers. By eliminating the harmful effects of tobacco on the jaw, individuals may experience reduced inflammation, better blood circulation, and faster healing. Furthermore, quitting smoking can help manage stress and anxiety levels, further reducing the risk of jaw clenching or teeth grinding. For those struggling to quit, seeking professional guidance or support can be an effective way to reduce both the health and TMJ-related risks associated with smoking.

Ignoring TMJ Pain Symptoms

Why It’s Important to Seek Treatment Early

Many people ignore the early symptoms of TMJ pain, hoping it will go away on its own. However, ignoring TMJ symptoms can lead to more severe issues over time, such as permanent damage to the joint, muscle degeneration, and chronic pain. Seeking treatment early can help prevent the worsening of symptoms and improve the chances of successful management through conservative treatments.

The Risks of Untreated TMJ Pain

Untreated TMJ pain can progress to more complex problems, including difficulty with eating or speaking, severe headaches, and neck pain. Early intervention, such as visiting a healthcare provider for evaluation and treatment options, can prevent the condition from worsening and help manage symptoms before they escalate.

Overexertion and Heavy Lifting

How Heavy Lifting Can Strain Your Jaw

Excessive physical strain from heavy lifting or intense physical activity can significantly impact the jaw. Individuals may inadvertently tense their jaw or neck muscles when lifting heavy objects, leading to TMJ pain or discomfort. The additional muscle tension can place stress on the jaw, especially if done repeatedly.

Tips for Avoiding TMJ Flare-Ups During Physical Activity

To prevent exacerbating TMJ pain during heavy lifting or strenuous physical activity, it’s important to maintain proper posture and technique. Avoid holding your breath while lifting, as this can increase pressure on the neck and jaw. Instead, focus on deep breathing and try to stay relaxed. If you notice jaw tension, take a break and stretch the muscles in your neck and jaw to relieve the pressure.

Not Taking Regular Breaks from Screen Time

The Impact of Extended Screen Time on Your Jaw

Long hours spent in front of screens—whether working on a computer, looking at a phone, or watching television—can contribute to TMJ pain. The posture often adopted while using screens, such as leaning forward or tensing the shoulders, can put additional strain on the jaw and neck. Clenching the jaw or engaging in subtle jaw movements while focusing on a screen can worsen TMJ discomfort.

How to Manage Screen Time for TMJ Pain Prevention

To avoid worsening TMJ pain from screen time, taking regular breaks throughout the day is essential. The 20-20-20 rule—take a break every 20 minutes and look at something 20 feet away for at least 20 seconds—helps reduce eye strain and encourages better posture. When working on a computer, ensure your screen is at eye level to avoid leaning forward. Take a short walk every hour to relieve jaw, neck, and shoulder tension.

Contact Sleep Better Columbus for TMJ Pain Relief Today

If you are struggling with TMJ pain, don’t wait to seek help. Contact Sleep Better Columbus to explore treatment options tailored to your needs. Our team can assist you in managing TMJ symptoms and improving your overall quality of life.